STUDI TENTANG PENGARUH SELF CONCEPT, AGRESI, SERTA FUNGSI REGULASI DAN KONTROL, TERHADAP PERILAKU KRIMINAL (SUATU MODEL STUDI TENTANG PERILAKU KRIMINAL PADA NARAPIDANA DI LEMBAGA PERMASYARAKATAN KELAS 1 SUKAMISKIN BANDUNG).
Abstract
The objective of this study is to obtain descriptions concerning (1) the influence of self –concept, aggression, and the function of regulation and control on criminal behaviour; (2) the process dynamics of variables as a model of criminal behaviour manifestation. The theory of self-concept from Markus (1977, 1986, 1990) is used to analyse the data.
As described in many research done by psychologists, criminals have negative self-concept, low self esteem, low competencies, and low self-confidence. They are also very aggressive and impulsive. However, those research result did not show description of the dynamic relationship between factors that draw out criminal behaviours.
To be able to describe the dynamic relationship between factors that draw out criminal behaviours; the comparative causality research design is employed using expost-facto data. Data was gathered from 82 prisoners at the Suka miskin penitentiary, and 58 university students as control group, using questionnaire to measure self concept that based on theory from Markus (1977). A self-report was administered to measure aggression that is based on theory from Loeber and Schmaling (1985). Another self-report was carried out to measure the function of self regulation and control that is based on Markus and Wurf (1987) theory. To measure the criminal behaviour, a self report was made based on the definition of criminal behaviour from Andrew and Bonta (1993).
The result of this study shows that self-concept, aggression, and the function of regulation and control, contributed as much as 53.72% to the manifestation of criminal behaviour. The result also shows that the process of manifestation of a criminal behaviour starts from bad self-concept that is marked by aggressive reactions to any emotional stimulus that is perceived as a threat to their self-identity. This kind of perception distortion, along with the cognitive failure to deal with the perceived threat from the environment, lead to uncontrolled behaviour.Keywords
Full Text:
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia)References
Al-Rasyid, Harun (1994). Statistik Sosial. Disunting oleh Krismantoroadji Tegus. Pascasarjana UNPAD.
Ancok, Djamaluddin. 1993. Teknik Penyusunan Skala Pengukur. Yogyakarta. Pusat Penelitian Kependudukan UGM.
Arikunto, Suhami. (1997). Prosedur Penelitian. Suatu Pendekatan Praktek Penerbit Rineka Cipta. Yogyakarta.
Bell, Faul A, Fisher, Jeffrey D, and Loomis, Ross J (1978). Environment Psychology. W.B. Saunders Compony. Philadelpia.
Bellack. Alan S & Hersen, M (1984). Research Methods in Clinical Psychology, Pegamen Press, New York.
Benveniste, Debra. H (1996). Diagnosis and Treatment of Sociopaths and Clients with Sociopathic Traits. New Harbinger Publication, Inc. Oakland.
Berkowitz. L (1993). Aggression : Its causes, consequences, and Control. McGraw Hill. New York.
Berry J. W, Poortinga, Y.P, and Pandey (1997). Handbook of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Teory and Method.. Allyn & Bacon, United state of America.
Berry J. W, Poortinga, Y.P, and Pandey (1997). Handbook of Cross-Cultural Psychology. Behavior and Application. Allyn & Bacon, United state of America.
Boekaerts, Monique, Pintrich, Paul R, and Zeidner Moche (2000). Handbook of Self Regulation. Academic Press, San Diego.
Brehm.S.S & Kassin.S.M. (1996). Social Psychology. Houghton Mifflin Company. Boston.
Bum. R. B (1979). The Self Concept. Theory, measurement, development and behavior. Alih bahasa oleh Eddy (1993). Penerbit Arcan Jakarta.
Carson.R.B & Butcher, J. N (1992). Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life. Harper Collins Publisher Inc, United State America.
Ching Chun Li (1975), Path Analysis-a primer, The Booxwood Press. USA
Choca, James (1980). Manual For Clinical Psychology Practicums. Brunner/Mazel, Inc. New York.
Coleman, James P (1974). Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life. Scott, Foresman and Company, United State America.
___,. Bucher, James N & Carson, Robert C (1980). Abnormal Psychology and Modern Life. Scott, Foresman and Company, United State America.
Coleman J.W & Cressey. D.R (1981). Social Problems Harper & Row. Publisher. New York.
Daniel, Wayne. W. (1989). Statistik Non Parametrik Terapan. Diterjemahkan oleh Alex Tri Kancono, W. Jakarta. Gramedia.
Davidson, Gerald C & Neale, John M (1978). Abnormal Psychology, an axperimental clinical psychology approach. John Wiley &. ̴ ns, Inc. New York.
Dishion. T.J. (1994). Development and Ecology of Antisocial Behavior. Plenum Press. New York.
Eysenck. H.J (1973). Handbook of Abnormal Psychopathology. John Wil ̴ y & Son, Inc, New York.
Fiske. S.T & Taylor, S.E (1991). Social Cognition. Second Edition. McGraw Hill. New York.
Gillin. P.H. (1946). Social Pathology. Appleton-Century-Crofts-Inc. N ̴ w York.
Hall. C.S & Lindzey. G (1970). Teories of Personality. Second Edition. A Willey Trans Edition. New York.
Hays, William. L. 1976. Quantification in Psychology. Prentice Hall, New Delhi.
Hogan. R, Johnson J, and Briggs, S (1997). Handbook of Personality Psychology. Academic Press, San Diego, California.
Isaac Stephen and Michael, William B. (1982). Handbook In Research and Evaluation. Secon Edition. Edits Publisher . San Diego.
Kellerman. Henry and Burry, Antony (1981). Handbook Ocf Psychodiagnostic Testing. Grune & Stratton, New York.
Kernberg, Otto F (1975). Borderline Conditions and Pathological narcissism. Jason Aronson, Inc. New York.
Kaplan, Harold I & Sadock (1993), Pocket Handbook of Clinical Psychiatry, alih bahasa oleh Japaries Wilie & Wiguna Made (1994). Bina Aksara, Jakarta.
Klopfer, B, Ainsworth. M.D, Klopfer, W.G, Holt, R.B (1954). Developments In The Rorchach Technique, Vol 1: Technique and Theory. Harourt, Brace & World, Inc., New York.
Kosw ̴ ra, Engkos (1988). Agresi Manusia. PT. Eresco, Bandung.
Koentjaraningrat, (2000). Kebudayaan, Mentalitas , dan Pembangunan, PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
Loeber R & Farrington, D.P. (1998). Serious & Violent, Juvenil ̴ off ̴ ndf?rs. Sage Publications. California.
Maher, Brendan A. (1996). Principles of Psychopatology, an Experimental Approach. Mc Grow-Hill Book Company, New York.
Millon, Theodore (1969). Modern Psychopathology, Biological Approach To Maladaptive Learning and Functioning. Sauders Company. Philadelphia.
Millon, Theodore & Davis Rogerd. D (1996). Disorder of Personality DSM-IV and Beyond. John Wiley & Sons. Inc, New York.
Muller, Daniel (1992). Mengukur Sikap Sosial. Pegangan Untuk Penelitian dan Praktisi diterjemahkan oleh Eddy Soewardi Kartawijaya. Jakarta Bumi Aksara.
Portnov, Anatoly & Fedotov, Dmistry (1969). Psychiatry. Mir Publisher, Moscow, “ ̴ “. .’’ .
Quay, Herbert C (1963). Research In Psychopathology. D Van Nostrand Company, Inc, New Jersey.
Rapaport, David, Gill Marton. M, and Schafer, Roy (1986). Diagnostic Psychological Testing. International Universities Press, Inc, Medison Connecticut.
Routh, Donald K and DeRubeis Robert. J (1998). The Science of Clinical Psychology. American Psychology Association. Washington, DC.
Rutter, M, Giller. H, Hagell (1998) Antisocial behavior by Young People. Cambridge University Press. United States of America.
Rusidi (1992). Dasar-dasar Penelitian Dalam Pengembangan Ilmu. Program Pascasarjana Universitas Padjajaran Bandung.
Segall, M. H, Dasen, P. R, Berry. J, W. Poortinga (1990). Human Behavior in Global Perspective. Allyn and Bacon. United State of America.
Sitepu, Niwana (1994). Analisis Jalur. Unit Pelayanan Statistik Jurusan Statistik F.MIPA. Bandung, Universitas Padjajaran.
Soewardi Herman (1998). Nalar, Kontemplasi dan Realita. (Revisi Besar). Program Pascasarjana Universitas Padjajaran.
Spitzer, Robert L, Gibbon Meriam, Skodol Andew E, William Janet, First Michael (2002). DSM-IV TR Casebook, Washing, DC.
Steinberg, L (1993). Adolescence. Fifth Edition. McGraw-Hill. New York.
Stoff, D.M, Breiling. J, Maser, J.D (1997). Handbook of Antisocial Behavior. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. New York.
Sujana (1992). Teknik analisis Regresi dan Korelasi Bagi Para Peneliti. Tarsito, Bandung.
Susanto. S Astrit S (1985). Pengantar Sosiologi dan Perubahan sosial. Binacipta.
Tedeschi J.T. & Felson R.B (1994). Violence, Aggression & Coercive Actions. Published by American Psychological Association, Washington.
Villar Yusuf (1986). Pengaruh latar belakang Relasi Interpersonal Orang Tua Anak Terhadao perilaku Antisosial. Skripsi Sarjana.
Vincent Gasperrsz (1991). Teknik Analisis Agresi dalam Penelitian Percobaan, Jilid 2. Tarsito, Bandung.
Wechsler, D (1944). The measure of Adult Intelligence. The Williams & Wilkin Company. United State of America.
Williams et el (1997). Cognitive Psychology and Emotional Disorders. Second Edition. John Wiley & Sons. New York.
Zevalkink Jolien, (1997). Attachment in Indonesia, The mother-Child Relationship in context. Printed by Gedrukt bij offsetdrukkerij Ridderprind Bv/. V”’ Ridderk
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/schema.v1i2.2647
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Indexed by:
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.