POTENSI EKSTRAK BUAH JAMBU JAMBLANG (Syzygium cumini L.Skeel) SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN DAN TABIR SURYA

Widyastuti Widyastuti, Najmi Hilaliyati

Abstract


Abstrak

Penggunaan herbal saat ini semakin berkembang sebagai nutrifood, obat-obatan dan kosmetik. Syzigium cumini atau jambu jamblang mengandung senyawa yang mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antioksidan. Disamping itu adanya senyawa fenol didalam buah jambu jamblang diduga memiliki aktivitas tabir surya. Peelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya pada buah jambu jamblang (Syzigium cumini (L.) Skeel) dengan menggunakan pelarut yang berbeda, sehingga dapat dilihat potensi ekstrak sebagai antioksidan dan tabir surya.Ekstraksi buah jambu jamblang secara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol, etil asetat dan n-heksan. Ekstrak yang didapat dilakukan pemeriksaan kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder.  Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode DPPH. Aktivitas tabir surya dilakukan secara metode spektrofotometri. Dari penelitian yag dilakukan didapatkan hasil ekstrak etanol mengandung senyawa alkaloid, flavonoid, fenolik,dan terpenoid. Ekstrak etil asetat mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan terpenoid. Ekstrak n-heksan mengandung senyawa alkaloid. Nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol, etil asetat dan n-heksan masing-masing 4441,6 ppm, 1754,2 ppm dan 16964,6 ppm. Nilai Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) dari ekstrak etanol, etil asetat dan n-heksan pada kadar 1000 ppm masing-masing 6,324; 38,018 dan 3,872. Ekstrak etil asetat memiliki potensi sebagai antioksidan dan tabir surya yang lebih baik dibanding ekstrak etanol dan n-heksan.

Abstract

The use of herbs is now growing as nutrifood, medicine and cosmetics. Syzigium cumini or guava contains compounds that have antioxidant activity. In addition, the presence of phenolic compounds in guava fruit is thought to have sunscreen activity. This study aims to determine the antioxidant and sunscreen activity of jamblang guava (Syzigium cumini (L.) Skeel) using different solvents, so that it can be seen the potential of the extract as an antioxidant and sunscreen. Maceration of guava fruit extraction using ethanol solvent, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The extract obtained was examined for the content of secondary metabolite compounds. Antioxidant activity testing used the DPPH method. Sunscreen activity was carried out using the spectrophotometric method. From the research conducted, it was found that the ethanol extract contained alkaloid, flavonoid, phenolic, and terpenoid compounds. Ethyl acetate extract contains alkaloid and terpenoid compounds. N-hexane extract contains alkaloid compounds. The IC50 values of ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract were respectively 4441.6 ppm, 1754.2 ppm and 16964.6 ppm. Sun Protecting Factor (SPF) values of ethanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract at levels of 1000 ppm were 6.324 each; 38,018 and 3,872. Ethyl acetate extract has better potential as an antioxidant and sunscreen than ethanol and n-hexane extracts.


Keywords


Syzigium cumini, antioksidan, tabir surya, SPF

References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/jiff.v4i1.6716

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