Sistem Pengelolaan Air Pada Settling Pond Untuk Tambang Terbuka
Abstract
The importance of the need for water causes water to become a major factor in the sustainability of existing mining activities. In addition, the occurrence of silt deposition in the main pond is a separate problem which is very likely to cause silting of the main pond. This study aims to examine problems related to water and materials entering the mine. Based on the results of research using the calculation of the Gumbel distribution, through the Mononobe equation and rational formulas so that the runoff discharge is obtained where the total discharge that enters the washing pond is 710.81 m3/day. Thus, in order for the washing pond to optimally meet water needs, additional water is needed, which is 5,414.88 m3/day. To prevent silting of the main pond, periodic maintenance is needed, in this case the dredging of sedimentary material deposited in the pond. Based on the results of the study, it was found that 51,788 kg of solids were deposited in the pond carried by circulating water. With a reference of 60% of the pond capacity, the optimum time for dredging is once every 18 days.
Pentingnya kebutuhan akan air menyebabkan air menjadi faktor utama dalam keberlangsungan kegiatan penambangan yang ada. Di samping itu, terjadinya pengendapan lumpur pada kolam utama menjadi permasalahan tersendiri yang sangat memungkinkan menyebabkan pendangkalan kolam utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti permasalahan terkait air dan material yang masuk ke dalam tambang. Berdasarkan pada hasil penelitian yang menggunakan perhitungan distribusi Gumbel, melalui persamaan Mononobe serta rumus rasional sehingga didapatkan debit limpasan dengan total debit yang masuk ke dalam kolam pencucian sebesar 710,81 m3/hari. Dengan demikian, agar kolam pencucian dapat memenuhi kebutuhan air secara optimal, diperlukan air tambahan, yaitu sebesar 5.414,88 m3/hari. Untuk dapat mencegah pendangkalan kolam utama dibutuhkan perawatan berkala yang dalam hal ini adalah pengerukan material sedimen yang terendapkan di dalam kolam. Berdasarkan hasil kajian didapatkan sebanyak 51.788 kg padatan terendapkan di dalam kolam yang terbawa oleh air sirkulasi. Dengan acuan 60% kapasitas kolam, waktu optimum untuk dilakukan pengerukan adalah setiap 18 hari sekali.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v10i1.7991
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