Hepatoprotective Effect of Sun Chlorella as an Antioxidant in Rattus norvegicus Induced Carbon Tetrachloride
Abstract
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) is a chemical that can cause damage to liver cells. One of the natural ingredients developed to reduce liver damage due to chemicals and infections is Chlorella sp. The research aimed to explore the hepatoprotective effect of the antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) by administering Sun Chlorella in Rattus norvegicus CCl₄ induced rats. The study design used a post-test with a control group design with a completely randomized design trial on 30 male rats of Wistar strains, aged 2–3 months, 200–250 grams in weight. The research was conducted in November 2016–January 2017 in Purwokerto. Rats were divided into five groups and treated for four weeks as follows: K1 group was given aquades; K2 was given CCl₄; K3, K4, K5 were given CCl₄ and Sun Chlorella 3.6 mg/200 gBW, 7.2 mg/200 gBW, and 14.4 mg/200 gBW respectively, by the gastric probe. Statistical analysis with correlation test and one way ANOVA multivariate test showed that Sun Chlorella 7.2 and 14.4 mg/200 gBW significantly increased SOD levels in rats induced CCl₄ (p=0.004, p=0.009). SOD rates were significantly strong associated with aspartate aminotransferase/AST (r=−0.685, p=0.000) and alanine aminotransferase/ALT (r=−0.659, p=0.000). The conclusion is Sun Chlorella increases SOD levels in CCl₄-induced rats. Increased SOD levels may decrease AST and ALT levels.
EFEK HEPATOPROTEKTIF SUN CHLORELLA SEBAGAI ANTIOKSIDAN PADA RATTUS NORVEGICUS YANG DIINDUKSI KARBON TETRAKLORIDA
Karbon tetraklorida (CCl₄) merupakan bahan kimia yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel hati. Berbagai bahan alami telah dikembangkan untuk mengurangi kerusakan hati baik akibat bahan kimia maupun infeksi, salah satunya adalah Chlorella sp. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat efek hepatoprotektif dengan pemberian Sun Chlorella pada tikus Rattus norvegicus yang diinduksi CCl₄. Desain penelitian menggunakan post-test with a control group dengan rancangan percobaan rancangan acak lengkap pada 30 tikus jantan galur Wistar, usia 2–3 bulan, dan berat 200–250 gram. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Purwokerto pada periode November 2016–Januari 2017. Tikus dibagi menjadi lima kelompok dan mendapatkan perlakuan per oral dengan sonde lambung selama 4 minggu sebagai berikut: kelompok K1 sebagi kontrol negatif diberikan aquades; kelompok control positif K2 diberikan CCl₄; kelompok perlakuan K3, K4, dan K5 diberikan CCl4 dan Sun Chlorella 3,6 mg/200 gBB; 7,2 mg/200 gBB; 14,4 mg/200 gBB tikus berurutan. Uji statistik dengan menggunakan uji korelasi dan ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan bahwa pemberian Sun Chlorella 7,2 mg dan 14,4 mg meningkatkan kadar SOD pada tikus yang diinduksi CCl₄ secara bermakna (p=0,004; p=0,009). Kadar SOD berhubungan kuat dengan kadar aspartat aminotransferase/AST (r=−0,685; p=0,000) dan alanin aminotransferase/ALT (r=−0,659; p=0,000). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian Sun Chlorella meningkatkan kadar SOD pada tikus yang diinduksi CCl₄. Peningkatan kadar SOD menyebabkan penurunan kadar AST dan ALT.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v9i1.6341
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