.png)
_(1).png){kind=logo}
Efektivitas Latihan Penguatan terhadap Kemampuan Fungsional Anggota Gerak Atas pada Pasien Strok Iskemi Fase Subakut
Abstract
Stroke merupakan suatu penyakit dengan gejala utama kelemahan. Kelemahan anggota gerak atas menyebabkan penurunan kemampuan fungsional anggota gerak atas. Kekuatan adalah salah satu indikator performa fungsional anggota gerak atas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektivitas latihan penguatan anggota gerak atas dengan pita dan bola elastik terhadap peningkatan kekuatan dan kemampuan fungsional anggota gerak atas pada pasien stroke iskemi fase subakut. Rancangan penelitian adalah eksperimental, dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin periode Desember 2013-Juli 2014. Subjek terdiri atas 21 pasien stroke iskemi fase subakut berusia 40-59 tahun. Latihan penguatan dengan pita dan bola elastik dilakukan oleh semua subjek, 3 kali seminggu, selama 6 minggu, 2 set setiap latihan, 8 repetisi setiap set. Sebelum, setelah 2 minggu, 4 minggu dan 6 minggu latihan dilakukan penilaian kekuatan dan fungsi anggota gerak atas. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa latihan penguatan meningkatkan kekuatan anggota gerak atas (p<0,001) dan meningkatkan fungsi anggota gerak atas (p<0,001). Simpulan, latihan penguatan anggota gerak atas dengan pita dan bola elastik efektif meningkatkan kekuatan dan fungsi anggota gerak atas pada pasien stroke iskemi fase subakut.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRENGTHENING EXERCISES ON UPPER LIMBS FUNCTIONAL ABILITY OF SUBACUTE PHASE ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS
Stroke is a disease with the primary symptoms of weakness. The weakness of the upper limbs caused a decrease in functional ability. Strength is one indicator of upper limb functional performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of upper limb strengthening exercises to increase strength and functional ability of upper limbs in patients with subacute phase ischemic stroke using elastic band and balls. The study was conducted using experimental method, performed at the Medical Rehabilitation Division, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from December 2013 to July 2014. Subjects consisted of 21 patients with ischemic stroke subacute phase aged 40–59 years. The strengthening exercises with elastic band and elastic ball were done by all subjects, 3 times a week, for 6 weeks. Each exercise consisted of 2 sets with 8 repetition of each set. Assessment of the strength and upper limbs function done before, after 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks of strengthening exercises. Results showed that strengthening exercises increases the strength of the upper limbs (p<0.001) and increases the upper limbs function (p<0.001). Conclusions, upper limbs exercise strengthening with elastic band and elastic ball effectively increased the strength and upper limb function in ischemic stroke subacute phase patients.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Meretoja A. Perfect stroke: performance, effectiveness, and costs of treatment episodes in stroke (tesis). Helsinki: Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Helsinki; 2011.
Fisher M, Norrving B. The International Agenda for Strok. First Global Conference on Healthy Lifestyles and Noncommunicable Diseases Control. 2014.
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) 2007. Laporan nasional 2007. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2008.
RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin. Data rekam medis RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin. Bandung: RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung; 2011.
Irasanti SN, Azis Y, Sukarya WS. Pengaruh inovasi jasa dan harga terhadap nilai yang dirasakan pasien di Stroke Center RS Al-Islam Bandung. GMHC. 2015;3(1):32–9.
Cerniauskaite M, Quintas R, Koutsogeorgou E, Meucci P, Sattin D, Leonardi M, dkk. Quality-of-life and disability in patients with stroke. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;91(13 Suppl 1):S39–47.
Harvey RL, Roth EJ. Stroke: diagnosis and rehabilitation. Dalam: O'Young BJ, Young MA, Stiens SA, penyunting. Physical medicine and rehabilitation, secrets. Edisi ke-3. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2008. hlm. 443–55.
Christiansen CH, Rogers SL, Haertl KL. Functional evaluation and management of self-care and other activities of daily living. Dalam: Delisa JA, penyunting. DeLisa's physical medicine and rehabilitation, principles and practice. Edisi ke-5. Philadelphia: Lippincott; 2010. hlm. 243–79.
Harris JE, Eng JJ. Strength training improves upper-limb function in individuals with stroke: a meta-analysis. Stroke. 2010;41(1):136–40.
Harris JE, Eng JJ. Paretic upper-limb strength best explains arm activity in people with stroke. Phys Ther. 2007;87(1):88–97.
Harvey RL, Roth EJ, Yu DT, Celnik P. Stroke syndromes. Dalam: Braddom RL, penyunting. Physical medicine and rehabilitation. Edisi ke-4. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2011. hlm. 1177–213.
The Hygenic Corporation. Resistance band & tubing: instruction manual. Acron, Ohio: The Hygenic Corporation; 2012.
Duncan P, Studenski S, Richards L, Gollub S, Lai SM, Reker D, dkk. Randomized clinical trial of therapeutic exercise in subacute stroke. Stroke. 2003;34(9):2173–80.
Winstein CJ, Rose DK, Tan SM, Lewthwaite R, Chui HC, Azen SP. A randomized controlled comparison of upper-extremity rehabilitation strategies in acute stroke: a pilot study of immediate and long-term outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;85(4):620–8.
American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. Edisi ke-8. Philadelphia: ACSM; 2010.
Koton S, Schneider AL, Rosamond WD, Shahar E, Sang Y, Gottesman RF, dkk. Stroke incidence and mortality trends in US communities, 1987 to 2011. JAMA. 2014;312(3):259–68.
Siddique AN, Nur Z, Mahbub S, Alam B, Miah T. Clinical presentation and epidemiology of stroke: a study of 100 cases. J Med. 2009;10(2):86–9.
Picelli A, Tamburin S, Gajofatto F, Zanette G, Praitano M, Saltuari L, dkk. Association between severe upper limb spasticity and brain lesion location in stroke patients. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:162754.
Gjelsvik BEB, Strand LI, Naess H, Hofstad H, StureSkouen J, Eide GE, dkk. Trunk control and lesion location according to Alberta stroke program early CT score in acute stroke: a cross-sectional study. Int J Phys Med Rehabil. 2014;S3:001.
Song YM, Sung J, Davey Smith G, Ebrahim S. Body mass index and ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke: a prospective study in Korean men. Stroke. 2014;35(4):831–6.
Car M, Jones J. Physiological effects of exercise on strok survivor. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2003;9(4):57–64.
Flansbjer UB. Strength training after stroke: effects on muscle function, gait performance and perceived participation (tesis). Lund, Sweden: Lund University; 2006.
Kraemer WJ. Adaptations to resistance training. Dalam: Ehrman JK, deJong A, Sanderson B, Swain D, Swank A, Womak C, penyunting. ACSM’s resource manual for guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. Edisi ke-6. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010. hlm. 489–508.
Kidgell DJ. Physiological studies investigating neurological adaptations to resistance training (disertasi). Melbourne: Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University; 2010.
Folland JP, Williams AG. The adaptations to strength training: Morphological and neurological contributions to increased strength. Sports Med. 2007;37(2):145–68.
Kwakkel G, Kollen BJ, van der Grond J, Prevo AJH. Probability of regaining dexterity in the flaccid upper limb: impact of severity of paresis and time since onset in acute stroke. Stroke. 2003;3(9)4:2181–6.
Hosp JA, Luft AR. Cortical plasticity during motor learning and recovery after ischemic stroke. Neural Plast. 2011;2011:871296.
Krakauer JW. Arm function after stroke: from physiology to recovery. Semin Neurol. 2005;25(4):384–95.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v5i3.2231
pISSN 2301-9123 | eISSN 2460-5441
Visitor since 19 October 2016:
_(1).jpg){kind=logo}
Global Medical and Health Communication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.