.png)
_(1).png){kind=logo}
The Association between Risk Factors and Blood Pressure in the Textile Industry Workers
Abstract
Noise exposure is often found in the industrial environment that exposed workers at risk for increasing blood pressure. This study aimed at investigating the association between noise level, duration of noise exposure, age, use of earplugs, and body mass index with blood pressure on textile industry workers. An observational study with the cross-sectional design conducted during August to October 2016. The study population was 180 textile industry workers in Surakarta selected by consecutive sampling method. Statistical analysis used was multiple logistic regression. Results showed that variables associated with systolic blood pressure were the use of earplugs (OR=12.7), noise level (OR=7.2), body mass index (OR=5.3), age (OR=4.4) and duration of noise exposure (OR=3.5). Variables associated with diastolic blood pressure were the use of earplugs (OR=6.9), age (OR=6.6), noise level (OR=6.1), body mass index (OR=4.4), and duration of noise exposure (OR=3.1). In clonclusion, the risk factors for blood pressure increased among industrial workers are the use of earplug, noise level, body mass index, age and duration of noise exposure.
ASOSIASI ANTARA FAKTOR RISIKO DAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA PEKERJA INDUSTRI TEKSTIL
Paparan kebisingan yang mengekspos pekerja sering ditemukan di lingkungan industri sehingga berisiko terjadi peningkatan tekanan darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan tingkat kebisingan, durasi paparan kebisingan, usia, penggunaan sumbat telinga, dan indeks massa tubuh dengan tekanan darah pada pekerja industri tekstil. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis observasional dengan desain cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada bulan Agustus–Oktober 2016. Populasi penelitian adalah pekerja industri tekstil di Surakarta. Terpilih 180 orang pekerja dengan menggunakan metode sampling konsekutif. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah regresi logistik berganda. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan tekanan darah sistole adalah penggunaan sumbat telinga (OR=12,7), tingkat kebisingan (OR=7,2), indeks massa tubuh (OR=5,3), usia (OR=4,4), dan durasi paparan kebisingan (OR=3,5). Variabel yang terkait dengan tekanan darah diastole adalah penggunaan sumbat telinga (OR=6,9), usia (OR=6,6), tingkat kebisingan (OR=6,1), indeks massa tubuh (OR=4,4), dan durasi paparan kebisingan (OR=3,1). Simpulan, faktor risiko peningkatan tekanan darah di kalangan pekerja industri tekstil adalah penggunaan sumbat telinga, tingkat kebisingan, indeks massa tubuh, usia, dan durasi paparan kebisingan.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Basner M, Babisch W, Davis A, Brink M, Clark C, Janssen S, et al. Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health. Lancet. 2014;383(9925):1325–32.
Selander J, Nilsson ME, Bluhm G, Rosenlund M, Lindqvist M, Nise G, et al. Long-term exposure to road traffic noise and myocardial infarction. Epidemiology. 2009;20(2):272–9.
Kim S; The Healthline Editorial Team. High blood pressure symptoms. February 5, 2016 [cited 2017 April 3]. Available at: http://www.healthline.com/health/high-blood-pressure-hypertension-symptoms.
Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H, Amann M, et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2224–60.
Campbell NRC, Lackland DT, Niebylski ML; World Hypertension League Committee; International Society of Hypertension Executive Committee. High blood pressure: why prevention and control are urgent and important: a 2014 fact sheet from the World Hypertension League and the International Society of Hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2014;16(8):551–3.
Ahmed AA, Awadalkarim MA. Noise exposure in two textile plants in Sudan. Eur Sci J. 2015;11(5):188–95.
Jayawardana TSS, Perera MYA, Wijesena GHD. Analysis and control of noise in a textile factory. Int J Sci Res Publ. 2014;4(12):1–7.
Ashraf HD, Younus MA, Kumar P, Siddiqui MT, Ali SS, Siddiqui MI. Frequency of hearing loss among textile industry workers of weaving unit in Karachi, Pakistan. J Pak Med Assoc. 2009;59(8):575–9.
Roozbahani MM, Nassiri P, Shalkouhi PJ. Risk assessment of workers exposed to noise pollution in a textile plant. Int J Environ Sci Tech. 2009;6(4):591–6.
Kishore J, Gupta N, Kohli C, Kumar N. Prevalence of hypertension and determination of its risk factors in rural Delhi. Int J Hypertens. 2016;2016:7962595.
Islam SM, Mainuddin A, Islam MS, Karim MA, Mou SZ, Arefin S, et al. Prevalence of risk factors for hypertension: a cross-sectional study in an urban area of Bangladesh. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract. 2015;2015(4):43.
Kalantary S, Dehghani A, Yekaninejad MS, Omidi L, Rahimzadeh M. The effects of occupational noise on blood pressure and heart rate of workers in an automotive parts industry. ARYA Atheroscler. 2015;11(4):215–9.
Malekzadeh MM, Etemadi A, Kamangar F, Khademi H, Golozar A, Islami F, et al. Prevalence, awareness and risk factors of hypertension in a large cohort of Iranian adult population. J Hypertens. 2013;31(7):1364–71.
Santos J, Meira KC, Nascimento JOV, Da Costa ASSP, Dos Santos LT, Pierin AMG. Hypertension in nursing professionals working in oncology: prevalence and associated factors. J Hypertens. 2015;33(e-Suppl 1):e254.
Saryawati R. Faktor risiko kejadian hipertensi pada pekerja industri tekstil (thesis). Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro; 2008.
Hall JE. Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. 13th edition. Philadelphia: Elsevier Inc.; 2016.
Mitchem D. Hearing protection fit-testing (thesis). Morgantown: West Virginia University; 2012.
Re RN. Obesity-related hypertension. Ochsner J. 2009;9(3):133–6.
Woolston C. Obesity and heart disease. Last updated: Jan 20, 2017 [cited 2017 April 3]. Available from: https://consumer.healthday.com/encyclopedia/heart-health-22/misc-stroke-related-heart-news-360/obesity-and-heart-disease-644588.html.
Stockslager L, Schaeffer L. Buku saku asuhan keperawatan geriatri. Edisi ke-2. Jakarta: EGC; 2007.
Pinto E. Blood pressure and ageing. Postgrad Med J. 2007;83(976):109–14.
Lee JH, Kang W, Yaang S, Choy N, Lee C. Cohort study for the effect of chronic noise exposure on blood pressure among male workers in Busan, Korea. Am J Ind Med. 2009;52(6):509–17.
Zamanian Z, Rostami R, Hasanzadeh J, Hashemi H. Investigation of the effect of occupational noise exposure on blood pressure and heart rate of steel industry workers. J Environ Public Health. 2013;2013:256060.
Chen S, Ni Y, Zhang L, Kong L, Lu L, Yang Z, et al. Noise exposure in occupational setting associated with elevated blood pressure in China. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(1):107.
Chang TY, Hwang BF, Liu CS, Chen RY, Wang VS, Bao BY, et al. Occupational noise exposure and incident hypertension in men: a prospective cohort study. Am J Epidemiol. 2013;177(8):818–25.
Pouryaghoub GH, Haghighi KS, Sabzalian F. Assessment of the effect of personal protective devices on blood pressure and pulse rate in a noisy environment. Occup Med J. 2009;1(1):33–6.
Ramdan IM, Mursyidah SB, Jubaedah S. Photokeratoconjunctivitis symptoms among informal welding operators in North Samarinda, Indonesia. GMHC. 2017;5(2):144–51.
Respati T, Ibnusantosa G, Rachmawati M. Knowledge about byssinosis and the use of face-masks. GMHC. 2013;1(1):3–8.
de Souza TCF, Périssé ARS, Moura M. Noise exposure and hypertension: investigation of a silent relationship. BMC Public Health. 2015;15:328.
American Heart Association. Understanding and managing high blood pressure. 2014 [cited 2017 April 3]. Available from: http://dhhs.ne.gov/publichealth/WMHealth/Documents/Understanding_Managing_HBP.pdf.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. High blood pressure risk factors. Page last updated: July 7, 2014 [cited 2017 April 3]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/risk_factors.htm.
Tesfaye F, Nawi NG, Van Minh H, Byass P, Berhane Y, Bonita R, et al. Association between body mass index and blood pressure across three populations in Africa and Asia. J Hum Hypertens. 2007;21(1):28–37.
Dua S, Bhuker M, Sharma P, Dhall M, Kapoor S. Body mass index relates to blood pressure among adults. N Am J Med Sci. 2014;6(2):89–95.
Papathanasiou G, Zerva E, Zacharis I, Papandreou M, Papageorgiou E, Tzima C, et al. Association of high blood pressure with body mass index, smoking and physical activity in healthy young adults. Open Cardiovasc Med J. 2015;9:5–17.
Wang S, Qin Q, Liu L, Han L, Chen Y. A cross-sectional study on the effects of occupational noise exposure on hypertension or cardiovascular among workers from automobile manufacturing company of Chongqing, China. J Biomed Sci Eng. 2013;6(12):1137–42.
Kardous C, Themann CL, Morata TC, Lotz WG. Understanding noise exposure limits: occupational vs. general environmental noise. Posted on February 8, 2016 [cited 2017 April 3]. Available from: https://blogs.cdc.gov/niosh-science-blog/2016/02/08/noise/.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v5i3.2650
pISSN 2301-9123 | eISSN 2460-5441
Visitor since 19 October 2016:
_(1).jpg){kind=logo}
Global Medical and Health Communication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.