Sifat Mekanis Komposit Polimer Hibrid Diperkuat Serat Sabut Kelapa-E-Glass

Indra Mawardi, Hanif Hanif

Abstract


Abstract. This study aims to obtain optimal mechanical properties of hybrid composites reinforced with coir and E-glass. The composites are formed from BQTN 157-EX unsaturated polyester resin polymer as a matrix and reinforced coir and synthetic fiber (E-glass). E-glass fiber used is the type of chop strand mat (CSM) and woven roving (WR). The hybrid composite is formed by hand lay-up with six layers of fiber arranged with three variations; 1 [CSM/SSK/WR]2, 2 [WR2/SSK2/WR2], and 3  [CSM/SSK/WR2/SSK/CSM]. The specimens were formed according to ASTM D 3039 standard for tensile test and ASTM D 790-81 for bending test. The test results show the fiber type and orientation arrangement is an important parameter in the design of laminate composite materials. The result of tensile test of composite material with variation 2 higher tensile stress (average 309.54 MPa) than variation 1 and 3. Variation 2 also higher bending stress 597,42 MPa, and variation 3 of 353, 59 MPa and variation 1 has the lower stress is 306.48 MPa.

Keywords: Hybrid composite,  Coir, E-glass fiber, Tensile stress, Bending stress

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mendapat sifat mekanis yang optimal dari komposit hibrid yang diperkuat serat sabut kelapa dan E-glass. Komposit dibentuk dari polimer unsaturated polyester resin BQTN 157-EX sebagai matriks dan penguat perpaduan serat sabut kelapa dan serat sintetis (E-glass). Serat E-glass yang digunakan adalah jenis chop strand mat  (CSM) dan woven roving (WR). Komposit hibrid dibentuk secara hand lay–up dengan enam lapis serat yang disusun dengan tiga macam variasi, yaitu variasi 1 [CSM/SSK/WR]2, variasi 2 [WR2/SSK2/WR2], dan variasi 3 [CSM/SSK/WR2/SSK/CSM]. Spesimen dibentuk mengikuti standard ASTM D 3039 untuk uji tarik dan ASTM D 790-81 untuk uji bending. Hasil pengujian memperlihatkan susunan jenis serat dan orientasinya merupakan parameter yang penting dalam perancangan material komposit laminat. Hasil pengujian tarik material komposit dengan variasi 2 memiliki harga tegangan tarik yang lebih tinggi (rata-rata 309.54 MPa) dibandingkan variasi 1 dan 3. Variasi 2 juga mempunyai tegangan bending rata-rata lebih baik 597,42 MPa, disusul variasi 3 sebesar 353,59 MPa dan variasi 1 memiliki tegangan yang terendah, yaitu 306,48 MPa.

Kata Kunci: Komposit Hibrid, Serat Sabut Kelapa, Serat E-glass, Kekutan Tarik, Kekuatan Bending


Keywords


Komposit Hibrid, Serat Sabut Kelapa, Serat E-glass, Kekutan Tarik, Kekuatan Bending

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/ethos.v6i2.3783

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