Penggunaan Aplikasi Sayang ke Buah Hati (SEHATI) terhadap Asupan Zat Gizi Anak dan Pengetahuan Ibu Menerapkan Konsumsi Aneka Ragam Makanan Gizi Seimbang pada Anak Sekolah Dasar

Giyawati Yulilania Okinarum, Irvan Afriandi, Dida Akhmad Gurnida, Herry Herman, Herry Garna, Tono Djuwantono

Abstract


Kesehatan dan gizi yang buruk pada anak usia sekolah dapat menghambat pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan, dan kecerdasan. Konsumsi pangan masyarakat Indonesia belum sesuai dengan pesan gizi seimbang. Aplikasi Sayang ke Buah Hati (SEHATI) diharapkan dapat menjadi alat strategi promosi kesehatan untuk meningkatkan asupan zat gizi anak dan pengetahuan ibu menerapkan konsumsi aneka ragam makanan gizi seimbang. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis perbedaan asupan zat gizi anak dan pengetahuan ibu menerapkan konsumsi aneka ragam makanan gizi seimbang pada anak sekolah dasar sebelum dengan sesudah diterapkan aplikasi SEHATI. Periode penelitian 2–18 Maret 2017 di SDIT Jabal Nur Yogyakarta. Subjek adalah ibu yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar (8–12 tahun) dan anaknya yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Penelitian ini merupakan randomized controlled trial (RCT). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Kelompok intervensi mendapatkan pemasangan aplikasi SEHATI dan kontrol diberikan pendidikan kesehatan, tiap-tiap kelompok terdiri atas 30 responden. Data diolah dengan uji nonparametrik, yaitu uji t berpasangan pada data yang berdistribusi normal dan uji Mann-Whitney pada data yang tidak berdistribusi normal. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna penggunaan aplikasi SEHATI terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan ibu pada kelompok intervensi (25,9%; p≤0,001), terjadi peningkatan skor asupan zat gizi anak pada kelompok intervensi yang bermakna, yaitu karbohidrat (13,8%; p=0,038) dan vitamin A (51,5%; p=0,005). Simpulan, terdapat perbedaan peningkatan asupan zat gizi dan pengetahuan ibu menerapkan konsumsi aneka ragam makanan gizi seimbang pada anak sekolah dasar sebelum dengan sesudah penggunaan aplikasi SEHATI.


SAYANG KE BUAH HATI (SEHATI) APPLICATION USAGE ON CHILDREN NUTRIENT INTAKE AND MOTHERS’ KNOWLEDGE IN IMPLEMENTING NUTRITIONALLY BALANCED FOOD VARIETY AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Nutrient imbalance affects children growth and development. Sayang ke Buah Hati (SEHATI) was an application developed for health promotion strategies to increase children nutrient intake and mothers’ knowledge in implementing consumption on nutritionally balanced food variety. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of children nutrient intake and mothers’ knowledge in implementing consumption of a variety of nutritionally balanced food on primary school children before and after applying the SEHATI application. Subjects were 30 randomly selected mothers who have primary school age children (8−12 years) and their children. This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted on 2–18 of March 2017 in SDIT Jabal Nur Yogyakarta. The intervention group got the SEHATI application installed and health education. The data collected is processed by the paired t test on normally distributed data and Mann Whitney tests on data that are not normally distributed. Results showed significant increased knowledge of mothers in the intervention group significantly (25.9%, p≤0.001). Increased nutrients scores of children in the intervention group were carbohydrates (13.8%, p=0.038) and vitamin A (51.5%, p=0.005). In conclusions, there are differences of child nutrient intake and mothers’ knowledge in implementing consumption of a variety of nutritionally balanced food in primary school children before and after SEHATI application usage.


Keywords


Aplikasi SEHATI; asupan zat gizi; knowledge; konsumsi aneka ragam makanan; nutrient intake; nutritionally balanced food; pengetahuan; SEHATI application

Full Text:

PDF

References


Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Pedoman gizi seimbang. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2014.

Lin W, Yang HC, Hang CM, Pan WH. Nutrition knowledge, attitude, and behavior of Taiwanese elementary school children. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2007;16(Suppl 2):534−46.

Waddingham S, Stevens S, Macintyre K, Shaw K. Most of them are junk food but we did put fruit on there and we have water: what children can tell us about the food choices they make. Health Educ. 2015;115(2):126–140.

Kunin-Batson AS, Seburg EM, Crain AL, Jaka MM, Langer SL, Levy RL, dkk. Household factors, family behavior patterns, and adherence to dietary and physical activity guidelines among children at risk for obesity. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2015;47(3):206–15.

Upton D, Upton P, Taylor C. Fruit and vegetable intake of primary school children: a study of school meals. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2012;25(6):557−62.

Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) 2013. Jakarta: Badan Litbangkes, Kemenkes RI; 2013.

Saldiva SRDM, Venancio SI, de Santana AC, da Silva Castro AL, Escuder MML, Giugliani ERJ. The consumption of unhealthy foods by Brazilian children is influenced by their mother’s educational level. Nutr J. 2014;13:33.

Davis J, Pickering AJ, Rogers K, Mamuya S, Boehm AB. The effects of informational interventions on household water management, hygiene behaviors, stored drinking water quality, and hand contamination in peri-urban Tanzania. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011;84(2):184−91.

Al-Shookri A, Al-Shukaily L, Hassan F, Al-Sheraji S, Al-Tobi S. Effect of mothers nutritional knowledge and attitudes on Omani children’s dietary intake. Oman Med J. 2011;26(4):253–7.

Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Promosi kesehatan di daerah bermasalah kesehatan: panduan bagi petugas kesehatan di puskesmas. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2011.

Ashaver D, Igyuve SM. The use of audio-visual materials in the teaching and learning processes in colleges of education in Benue State-Nigeria. IOSR-JRME. 2013;1(6):44–55.

Seçer SYE, Şahin M, Alci B. Investigating the effect of audio visual materials as warm-up activity in Aviation English courses on students’ motivation and participation at high school level. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2015;199:120−8.

Respati T, Nurhayati E, Mahmudah, Feriandi Y, Budiman, Yulianto F, dkk. Pemanfaatan kalender 4M sebagai alat bantu meningkatkan peran serta masyarakat dalam pemberantasan dan pencegahan demam berdarah. GMHC. 2016;4(2):121–7.

Nuryanto, Pramono A, Puruhita N, Muis SF. Pengaruh pendidikan gizi terhadap pengetahuan dan perilaku konsumsi serat pada siswa. JGI. 2014;3(1):32−6.

Nicklas TA, Hayes D; American Dietetic Association. Position of the American Dietetic Association: nutrition guidance for healthy children ages 2 to 11 years. J Am Diet Assoc. 2008;108(6):1038−44, 1046–7.

Yabancı N, Kısaç İ, Karakuş SŞ. The effects of mother's nutritional knowledge on attitudes and behaviors of children about nutrition. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2014;116:4477−81.

Campbell KJ, Abbott G, Spence AC, Crawford DA, McNaughton SA, Ball K. Home food availability mediates associations between mothers’ nutrition knowledge and child diet. Appetite. 2013;71:1–6.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v5i3.2576

pISSN 2301-9123 | eISSN 2460-5441


Visitor since 19 October 2016: 


Free counters!


Global Medical and Health Communication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.