Upaya Pengendalian Aedes aegypti di Desa Cibeusi dan Cikeruh Kecamatan Jatinangor berdasar atas Populasi Nyamuk

Abstract

Masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia yang umum terjadi dalam beberapa tahun terakhir adalah penyakit demam berdarah dengue (DBD) yang ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes spp. Salah satu daerah endemis DBD adalah Kecamatan Jatinangor, kasus DBD tertinggi terjadi di Desa Cibeusi dan kasus terendah di Desa Cikeruh pada tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan potong lintang (cross sectional) dilaksanakan dari bulan September hingga November 2016. Teknik pengambilan sampel diambil secara sengaja (purposive sampling) dari dalam rumah di Desa Cibeusi dan Cikeruh. Setiap desa dipasang 10 perangkap nyamuk untuk 10 rumah meliputi luas wilayah 100×100 m². Evaluasi hasil tangkapan dilakukan setiap 3 hari untuk setiap minggu selama 3 bulan. Data yang dicari adalah perbedaan jumlah nyamuk rata-rata dan upaya pengendalian Aedes aegypti di kedua desa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan uji t tidak berpasangan. Pada equal variance assumed, Sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,711 (p<0,05), hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa jumlah nyamuk rata-rata di kedua desa tidak berbeda bermakna secara statistik pada probabilitas 0,05. Upaya pengendalian Aedes aegypti yang telah dilaksanakan di Desa Cibeusi pada tahun 2016 adalah larvasidasi, sementara Desa Cikeruh melaksanakan fogging. Simpulan, upaya pengendalian vektor yang dilaksanakan Puskesmas Jatinangor dalam menurunkan angka kejadian DBD masih kurang.

ASSESSMENT OF AEDES AEGYPTI CONTROL EFFORT IN CIBEUSI AND CIKERUH VILLAGES JATINANGOR SUB-DISTRICT BASED ON THE POPULATION OF MOSQUITO

The dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a common public health problem in Indonesia over the past few years which is transmitted by the bite of Aedes spp. One of the DHF endemic area is the Jatinangor sub-district, in 2014 Cibeusi village that had the highest number of DHF cases whereas the lowest number was recorded in Cikeruh village. This study used cross sectional design and it was conducted from September until November 2016. The sampling technique was purposive sampling from the residencies in Cibeusi and Cikeruh village. Each village was set up 10 mosquito traps for 10 houses covering an area 100×100 m². Evaluation of the catches was done every 3 days per week for 3 months. Data to be found is the difference in mean number of mosquitoes and Aedes aegypti control efforts in both villages. The data collected was analyzed with unpaired t-test. Sig. (2-tailed) value at equal variance assumed was 0.711 (p<0.05), this showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the mean number of Aedes aegypti or it is not significant at 0.05 probability in both villages. Aedes aegypti control efforts on 2016 which have been held in Cibeusi village was larvaciding, while fogging activities in Cikeruh village as a control efforts. In conclusion, there is still lacking of vector control efforts undertaken by Jatinangor Public Health Center in reducing DHF incidence.