The Elderly Expectations of the Caregiver’s Sociodemographic Preferences: a Qualitative Approach

Sharon Gondodiputro, Dahlia Santika Hutasoit, Lina Rahmiati

Abstract


Prevalence of chronic diseases and disability will increase at the advancing age. In the future, the need for the caregiver will increase. Only few studies about the expectations of the elderly towards the sociodemographics status of the caregiver found. Unfulfilled expectations of the elderly towards their caregivers may cause both health and non-health issues. The purpose of this study was to explore the elderly expectations of the caregiver’s sociodemographic preferences. A qualitative study was carried out to 7 elderly aged 64–77 years old from July to August 2018 in Bandung city. These elderly selected from 7 integrated care posts (pos pembinaan terpadu/posbindu) that met the inclusion criteria: aged 60 years old and above; male or female; capable of communicating adeptly, and no dementia by undergoing the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). A one-on-one interview was conducted at the residence of the elderly using an interview guide consisted of several opened questions related to the caregiver’s sociodemographic preferences. A content analysis was carried out. This study discovered that the elderly preferred their family members or relatives whom they can trust to become their caregivers (their children and grandchildren). Most of these elderly also preferred daughters who live with them and has a decent income. If the family members could not become their caregiver then their neighbor or a community volunteer/cadre, they knew well, and trust to be their caregiver. It concluded that the elderly prefer their daughters who live with them and has a decent income to be their caregivers.

 

EKSPEKTASI USIA LANJUT TERHADAP STATUS SOSIODEMOGRAFI CAREGIVER: SUATU PENDEKATAN KUALITATIF

Prevalensi penyakit kronis dan disablilitas akan meningkat dengan pertambahan usia. Hal ini berdampak pada kebutuhan terhadap caregiver akan meningkat pula. Penelitian tentang ekspektasi usia lanjut terhadap status sosiodemografi caregiver belum banyak dilakukan. Ekspektasi usia lanjut merupakan faktor penting karena bila ekspektasi tersebut tidak terpenuhi maka akan berisiko timbul masalah kesehatan dan nonkesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengeksplorasi ekspektasi usia lanjut terhadap status sosiodemografi caregiver. Studi kualitatif dilakukan terhadap 7 orang usia lanjut berusia 64–77 tahun pada Juli hingga Agustus 2018 di Kota Bandung. Para usia lanjut berasal dari 7 pos pembinaan terpadu (posbindu) yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, yaitu usia ≥60 tahun, laki-laki atau perempuan, dapat berkomunikasi dengan baik, dan tidak demensia dengan dilakukan mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Wawancara dilakukan di kediaman informan masing-masing menggunakan panduan wawancara terkait pertanyaan dengan preferensi sosiodemografi caregiver. Analisis konten dilakukan. Studi ini menemukan bahwa usia lanjut lebih memilih anggota keluarga mereka yang dapat dipercaya untuk menjadi caregiver terutama anak dan cucu. Anak perempuan yang tinggal bersama usia lanjut dan memiliki penghasilan layak menjadi pilihan utama. Jika anggota keluarga tidak dapat menjadi caregiver maka tetangga atau kader yang mereka kenal baik dan dipercaya menjadi pilihan. Simpulan, pilihan utama caregiver bagi usia lanjut, yaitu anak perempuan mereka yang tinggal bersama dan memiliki penghasilan layak.


Keywords


Anggota keluarga; caregiver; elderly; family member; sociodemographic; sosiodemografi; usia lanjut

Full Text:

PDF

References


Badan Pusat Statistik. Umur harapan hidup saat lahir (UHH) menurut provinsi, 2010–2018 (metode baru). [cited 2019 January 30]. Available from: https://www.bps.go.id/dynamictable/2018/04/16/1298/angka-harapan-hidup-saat-lahir-menurut-provinsi-2010-2017.html.

Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan nasional riset kesehatan dasar 2018. Jakarta: Badan Litbang Kesehatan, Kemenkes RI; 2018.

Batista MPP, Barros JDO, Almeida MHMD, Mângia EF, Lancman S. Formal caregivers of older adults: reflection about their practice. Rev Saúde Publica. 2014;48(5):732–8.

Robison J, Fortinsky R, Kleppinger A, Shugrue N, Porter M. A broader view of family caregiving: effects of caregiving and caregiver conditions on depressive symptoms, health, work, and social isolation. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2009;64(6):788–98.

Loureiro LDSN, Fernandes MDGM, Marques S, Nóbrega MMLD, Rodrigues RAP. Burden in family caregivers of the elderly: prevalence and association with characteristics of the elderly and the caregivers. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2013;47(5):1129–36.

Eby DW, Molnar LJ, Kostyniuk LP, St. Louis RM, Zanier N. Characteristics of informal caregivers who provide transportation assistance to older adults. PLoS One. 2017;12(9):e0184085.

Musich S, Wang SS, Kraemer S, Hawkins K, Wicker E. Caregivers for older adults: prevalence, characteristics, and health care utilization and expenditures. Geriatr Nurs. 2017;38(1):9–16.

Elsa V. Informal family caregiver burden in elderly assistance and nursing implications. Ann Nurs Pract. 2015;2(1):1017.

Ahmad K. Informal caregiving to chronically ill older family members: caregivers’ experiences and problems. S Asian Stud. 2012;27(1):101–20.

Abrahamson K, Hass Z, Sands L. Likelihood that expectations of informal care will be met at onset of caregiving need: a retrospective study of older adults in the USA. BMJ Open. 2017;7(12):e017791.

Watt MH, Perera B, Østbye T, Ranabahu S, Rajapakse H, Maselko J. Caregiving expectations and challenges among elders and their adult children in Southern Sri Lanka. Ageing Soc. 2014;34(5):838–58.

Woodford HJ, George J. Cognitive assessment in the elderly: a review of clinical methods. QJM. 2007;100(8):469–84.

Badan Pusat Statistik. Statistik penduduk lanjut usia 2017. Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik; 2017.

Liu LF. Family involvement in and satisfaction with long-term care facilities in Taiwan. Asian J Gerontol Geriatr. 2009;4(1):30–5.

Lamb S. In/dependence, intergenerational uncertainty, and the ambivalent state: perceptions of old age security in India. J S Asian Stud. 2013;36(1):65–78.

Riasmini NM, Sahar J, Resnayati Y. Family experience in handling the elderly in cultural aspects of Indonesia. J Ners. 2013;8(1):98–106.

Russell R. Men doing “women’s work:” elderly men caregivers and the gendered construction of care work. J Mens Stud. 2007;15(1):1–18.

Conway K. The experience of adult children caregiving for aging parents. Home Health Care Manag Pract. 2019:31(2):92–8.

Boyd CJ. Mothers and daughters: a discussion of theory and research. J Marriage Fam. 1989;51(2):291–301.

Schröder-Butterfill E, Fithry TS. Care dependence in old age: preferences, practices and implications in two Indonesian communities. Ageing Soc. 2014;34(3):361–87.

Steiner AM, Fletcher PC. Sandwich generation caregiving: a complex and dynamic role. J Adult Dev. 2017;24(2):133–43.

Evans KL, Millsteed J, Richmond JE, Falkmer M, Falkmer T, Girdler SJ. Working sandwich generation women utilize strategies within and between roles to achieve role balance. PLoS One. 2016;11(6):e0157469.

Rittirong J, Prasartkul P, Rindfuss RR. From whom do older persons prefer support? The case of rural Thailand. J Aging Stud. 2014;31:171–81.

Faquinello P, Marcon SS. Friends and neighbors: an active social network for adult and elderly hypertensive individuals. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2011;45(6):1345–52.

Mendez-Luck CA, Amorim C, Anthony KP, Neal MB. Beliefs and expectations of family and nursing home care among Mexican-origin caregivers. J Women Aging. 2017;29(5):460–72.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v7i2.4653

pISSN 2301-9123 | eISSN 2460-5441


Visitor since 19 October 2016: 


Free counters!


Global Medical and Health Communication is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.