Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Melindungi Hak Nelayan Tradisional Indonesia di Perairan Australia

Abstract

The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea provides the rights of states on marine exploitation. The law imposed every state to accomodate other country’s rights and interests, including the right of traditional fishing. However, in reality, some problems occured, such as problems among Indonesian fishermen of North Nusa Tenggara sailed in Australia territorial waters. To overcome the problem, both Australia and Indonesia administration must reach agreement based on common interpretation over the law implementation. This writing suggests each party to use forum to discuss the matter based on law or diplomatic channel or law, before submit it to International Supreme Court. Konvensi Hukum Laut 1982 memberikan hak  negara-negara pantai di laut, sekaligus membebankan kewajiban untuk mengakomodasikan kepentingan dan hak-hak negara lain yang sah, di antaranya hak penangkapan ikan tradisional. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya, sering ditemukan berbagai masalah. Nelayan Indonesia di Perairan Wilayah Selatan Nusa Tenggara Timur menghadapi permasalahan semacam ini di Perairan Australia. Tulisan ini mengkaji penerapan prinsip tanggungjawab negara terhadap perlindungan hak penangkapan ikan tradisional menurut Konvensi Hukum Laut 1982, melalui pendekatan yuridis normatif.