Promoting Intermittent Fasting in Community through Religion based Approach to Improve Metabolic Health

Abstract

Praktik Intermittent Fasting di Komunitas Melalui Pendekatan Keagamaan untuk Meningkatkan Kesehatan Metabolik

Abstrak
Obesitas dan penyakit metabolik telah mencapai tingkat yang mengkhawatirkan di seluruh dunia dan ditetapkan WHO sebagai agenda prioritas pascapandemi COVID-19. Tim Fakultas Kedokteran Unisba melakukan intervensi dengan pendekatan berbasis keagamaan di wilayah Kota Bandung yang diberi nama program INTERFAST (Islamic Eating Pattern for a Better Metabolic State) sebagai kontribusi dalam pengendalian masalah metabolik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas program INTERFAST dalam upaya pengendalian masalah kesehatan metabolik. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuasi-eksperimen yang dilakukan di Sukaraja, Bandung, Jawa Barat, dari bulan April hingga Oktober 2021. Sebanyak 52 partisipan direkrut secara sukarela melalui convenient sampling. Partisipan diberikan intervensi multi-metode, meliputi edukasi berkala, pembentukan grup WhatsApp, video edukasi, dan pemeriksaan metabolik. Tingkat pengetahuan, perilaku makan, dan parameter metabolik yang mencakup tekanan darah, gula darah puasa, indeks massa tubuh, lingkar pinggang, dan komposisi tubuh diukur sebelum dan setelah program. Data dianalisis melalui uji paired t-test dan chi-square dengan bantuan software STATA 13. Didapatkan rerata skor pengetahuan yang berbeda signifikan antara sebelum dan setelah program (4,9±0,9;5,7±0,5). Perbaikan perilaku yang signifikan terjadi pada aspek berhenti makan 3 jam sebelum tidur yang meningkat dari 52% menjadi 76% (p=0,013). Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan metabolik, jumlah peserta yang termasuk dalam kategori berat badan berlebih turun dari 25% menjadi 23%, dengan rerata kadar lemak total dan lemak viseral sebesar 35,3 (IK 95% 33,6–37) dan 8,9 (IK95% 7,71–10,1). Simpulan, studi ini menunjukkan bahwa program INTERFAST cukup efektif untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan memperbaiki perilaku terkait kesehatan metabolik, serta menurunkan proporsi berat badan lebih di level komunitas.

Promoting Intermittent Fasting in Community through Religion based
Approach to Improve Metabolic Health

Abstract
Metabolic problems, especially obesity, has reached an alarming level worldwide and have been stated by the WHO as a priority agenda after the COVID-19 pandemic. As a contribution to manage metabolic problems at the community level, Faculty of Medicine of Unisba intervened with a religious-based approach in Bandung under the program entitled INTERFAST (Islamic Eating Pattern for a Better Metabolic State). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the INTERFAST project to help controlling metabolic problems.This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in Sukaraja, Bandung, West Java, from April to October 2021. A total of 52 participants with various metabolic disorder was recruited by convenient sampling for this study. Intervention given including offline education, consultation by WhatsApp group, educational videos, and metabolic examination. The level of knowledge, eating behavior, and metabolic condition was measured before and after the program. The difference was tested with paired t-test and chi-square with STATA 13. There was an increase in the knowledge score from 4.9±0.9 to 5.7±0.5. The most successful behaviour adopted by participants was to stop eating 3 hours before bedtime (from 52% to 76% with p=0.013). Based on the metabolic examination, there was a significant decrease of proportion of the overweight participants from 25% to 23%, with average total fat and visceral fat levels of 35.3 (95% CI 33.6 to 37) and 8.9 (95% CI 7.71 to 10.1) respectively. In conclusion, this study suggests that INTERFAST is quite effective in increasing the knowledge of metabolic health, improving dietary practice, and helping ameliorate metabolic health in communities.