Hambatan Pemenuhan Asupan Zat Gizi dan Pola Konsumsi pada Perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS Pascapandemi

Nining Indah Sari, Najmah Najmah, Novrikasari Novrikasari

Abstract


Abstrak
Zat gizi yang adekuat dapat memperbaiki kondisi kesehatan bagi orang yang hidup dengan HIV/AIDS. HIV menyebabkan gangguan kekebalan yang mengarah pada kekurangan gizi dan defisiensi kekebalan lebih lanjut, dan berkontribusi pada perkembangan cepat infeksi HIV menjadi AIDS. Jumlah perempuan yang terinfeksi HIV dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat. Orang dengan HIV/AIDS tidak hanya berisiko lebih tinggi untuk kematian akibat COVID-19, tetapi juga berisiko lebih tinggi tertular infeksi SARS-CoV-2 daripada orang yang tidak hidup dengan HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hambatan pemenuhan asupan zat gizi pada perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS pascapandemi. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan pendekatan konstruktivisme dan desain penelitian etnografi. Jumlah informan terdapat 15 orang, yaitu perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS dan pendampingnya, tenaga kesehatan di yayasan, dan penangung jawab program HIV/AIDS. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret–Mei 2022. Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan tiga tema, yaitu ketahanan pangan rumah tangga, pengetahuan gizi, dan pola konsumsi pada perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS. Pentingnya edukasi dan konseling gizi untuk mencegah infeksi oportunistik dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS sehingga diperlukan edukasi dan konseling gizi agar menambah pengetahuan perempuan dengan HIV/AIDS mengenai makanan sehat dan bergizi yang harus dikonsumsi untuk menjaga kesehatan sehingga tidak sampai ke fase AIDS.

 

Barriers to Fulfillment of Nutrient Intake and Consumption Patterns in Women with HIV/AIDS Postpandemic

Abstract
Adequate nutrition can improve health conditions for people living with HIV/AIDS. HIV causes immune disorders leading to malnutrition and further immune deficiency, and contributes to the rapid progression of HIV infection to AIDS. The number of women infected with HIV from year to year is increasing. People with HIV/AIDS are not only at higher risk for death from COVID-19, but are also at higher risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infection than people who are not living with HIV. This study aims to analyze the barriers to fulfilling nutritional intake in women with HIV/AIDS post-pandemic. This type of research uses a qualitative methodology with a constructivism approach and an ethnographic research design. The number of informants is 15 people, namely women with HIV/AIDS and their companions, health workers at foundations, and those in charge of the HIV/AIDS program. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The study was conducted in March-May 2022. The results of the study obtained three themes, namely household food security, nutritional knowledge, and consumption patterns in women with HIV/AIDS. The importance of nutrition education and counseling to prevent opportunistic infections and improve the quality of life of people with HIV/AIDS so that education and nutrition counseling are needed to increase the knowledge of women with HIV/AIDS about healthy and nutritious food that must be consumed to maintain health so that it does not reach the AIDS phase.


Keywords


HIV/AIDS; pascapandemi; perempuan; zat gizi; HIV/AIDS; nutrition; post-pandemic; women

References


Anderson, Kevin, Setyo Gundi Pramudo, Muchlis AU Sofro. Hubungan status gizi dengan kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Semarang. Diponegoro Medical Journal. 2017;6(2):692–701.

Susanti NY, Budiman, Caecielia, Azhali BA, Djajakusumah TS. Kejadian HIV pada anak balita di jawa barat periode tahun 2014–2016. JIKS. 2019;1(2):166–9.

Carpenter CL, Kapur K, Ramakrishna P, Pamujula S, Yadav K, Giovanni JE, dkk. Lean mass improvement from nutrition education and protein supplementation among rural Indian women living with HIV/AIDS: results from cluster randomized factorial trial at 18-month follow-up. Nutrients. 2022;14(1):1–20.

Damayanti D, Dewi R. Stigma pada perempuan singgle parent dengan HIV positif (studi kualitatif). J Kesehatan Metro Sai Wawai. 2017;10(2):55–66.

Derose KP, Payan DD, Fulcar MA, Terrero S, Acevedo R, Farías H, dkk. Factors contributing to food insecurity among women living with HIV in the Dominican Republic: qualitative study. PLoS One. 2017;12(7).

Duggal S, Chugh TD, Duggal AK. HIV and malnutrition: effects on immune system. Developmental Immunology. 2012;8(1).

Enwereji EE, Ezeama MC, Onyemachi PE. Basic principles of nutrition, HIV and AIDS: making improvements in diet to enhance health. Nutrition and HIV/AIDS-Implication for Treatment, Prevention and Cure. UK: IntechOpen;2019.

Folayan MO, Ibigbami O, El Tantawi, Brown B, Aly NM, Ezechi, O, dkk. Factors associated with financial security, food security and quality of daily lives of residents in Nigeria during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. In J Environmental Res and Public Health. 2021;18(15):7925.

Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jambi. Profil Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jambi. Jambi: Dinkes Jambi; 2012.

Gebru TH, Mekonen HH, Kiros KG. Undernutrition and associated factors among adult HIV/AIDS patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in eastern zone of Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a cross- sectional study. Arc Public Health. 2020; 78(1):1–8.

Gizaw AB, Gebremichael AE, Kebede DB. malnutrition and associated factors among adult people living with HIV. AIDS receiving antiretroviral therapy at Organization for Social Service Health Development in Jimma Town Oromia Region South West. 2018; 6(2).

Kemenkes RI. Perkembangan HIV/AIDS dan penyakit infeksi menular seksual (PIMS) Triwulan I tahun 2021. Kemenkes RI; 2021.

Lima RLFCD, Silva MDF, Gomes NIG, Silva JNCD, Viana MACBM, Vianna RPDT. Differences in quality of life and food insecurity between men and women living with HIV/AIDS in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Ciência Saúde Coletiva. 2021;26: 3917–25.

Malama E, Ndhlovu D. Nutrition education, counselling and assessment support approach for people living with HIV and AIDS: A Literature Review. Int J Contemporary Applied Res. 2019; 6(10).

Nyamathi AM, Carpenter CL, Ekstrand ML, Yadav K, Garfin DR, Muniz LC, dkk. Randomized controlled trial of a community-based intervention on HIV and nutritional outcomes at six months among women living with HIV/AIDS in rural India. AIDS (London, England). 2018;32(18):2727.

Okorie I, Okorie AC. The influence of socioeconomic characteristics on anthropometry, nutrition knowledge, and attitude of people living with HIV/AIDS attending special treatment center (STC) National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria. Frontiers. 2021;8(1):1–8.

Sidjabat FN, Triatmaja NT, Bevi A. Status gizi, aktivitas fisik, persepsi manfaat, dan hambatan pemenuhan asupan gizi orang dengan HIV/AIDS. J Indonesian Nutrition Association. 2021;44(1):41–54.

Nyashanu M, Chireshe R, Mushawa F, Ekpenyong MS. Exploring the challenges of women taking antiretroviral treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in peri-urban Harare, Zimbabwe. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2021 Aug;154(2):220–6.

Anema A, Vogenthaler N, Frongillo EA, Kadiyala S, Weiser SD. Food insecurity and HIV/AIDS: Current knowledge, gaps, and research priorities. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2019 Nov;6(4):224–31.

Chenneville T, Gabbidon K, Hanson P, Holyfield C. The impact of COVID-19 on HIV treatment and research: a call to action. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jun 24;17(12):4548.

Dorward J, Khubone T, Gate K, Ngobese H, Sookrajh Y, Mkhize S, dkk. The impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on HIV care in 65 South African primary care clinics: an interrupted time series analysis. Lancet HIV. 2021 Mar;8(3):e158–65.

Berhe N, Tegabu D, Alemayehu M. Effect of nutritional factors on adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected adults: a case control study in Northern Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2013 Dec;13(1):233.

Moscatelli F, Sessa F, Valenzano A, Polito R, Monda V, Cibelli G, Messina A. COVID-19: role of nutrition and supplementation. Nutrients. 2021;13(3):976-1003




DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/jiks.v4i2.10369

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.



eISSN: 2656-8438


View My Stats 


Flag Counter

Jurnal Integrasi Kesehatan dan Sains is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.