Penurunan Nyeri dengan Edukasi Menggunakan Teknologi Virtual Reality pada Pasien Post-Operative : Literatur Review

Fitri Susilowati, Rr. Tutik Sri Hariyati, Dennisa Faradita Aryani

Abstract


Abstrak
Pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada pasien post-operative mempunyai komponen penting, yaitu manajemen nyeri. Pasien post-operative dapat munculn nyeri yang disebabkan oleh trauma pada tubuh akibat sayatan benda tajam alat-alat operasi. Kompleksitas nyeri memerlukan penanganan agar penatalaksanaan nyeri dapat diatasi secara komprehensif. Salah satu metode yang dapat dilakukan dalam manajemen nyeri dengan menggabungkan kemajuan teknologi, yaitu dengan penggunaan teknologi virtual reality. Adapun penggunaan teknologi ini agar dapat diaplikasikan saat praktik klinis dalam penanganan nyeri post-operative. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu mengeksplorasi efek penggunaan virtual reality dalam penurunan nyeri pada pasien post-operative dari berbagai sumber. Metode yang digunakan dalam proses pencarian kajian literatur review ini, yaitu simplified approach. Database yang digunakan pada pencarian literatur berupa ScienceDirect, ClinicalKey, ClinicalKey Nursing, Sage Journals, Scopus, Google Scholar. Kriteria inklusinya adalah yang melibatkan pasien dewasa post-operative, membahas penurunan nyeri berbasis virtual reality, studi menggunakan uji coba percontohan crossover acak, eksperimental terkontrol acak, randomized controlled trial, praeksperimen one group pre test-post test, quasi experimental non equivalent control group pre test-post test, teks berbahasa Inggris, teks berbahasa Indonesia, tahun penerbitan lima tahun terakhir dari tahun 2017 sampai 2022, topik artikel terkait penggunaan virtual reality menurunkan nyeri post-operative, full text, berbahasa Inggris, berbahasa Indonesia, tahun penerbitan lima tahun terakhir dari tahun 2017 sampai 2022. Kriteria eksklusinya adalah topik artikel terkait topik artikel dengan jenis literature review, hanya berupa abstrak, dan artikel yang merupakan duplikasi. Dalam proses pencarian, peneliti menggunakan beberapa kata kunci yaitu “virtual reality”, “post-operative”, “pain”, “post surgery”, “aching”, and “discomfort”. Saat penelurusan ditemukan tujuh artikel dengan hasil bahwa manajemen nyeri pada pasien post-operative dapat dilakukan dengan penggunaan teknologi virtual reality. Perangkat virtual reality dapat membantu dalam proses penanganan untuk menurunkan nyeri pada pasien post-operative. Perangkat tersebut sudah terintegrasi dengan program software yang telah disesuaikan dengan teknologi dalam menurunkan nyeri pada pasien post-operative. Diharapkan perlu kerja sama dengan pihak rumah sakit agar aplikasi virtual reality ini dapat diaplikasikan secara optimal untuk pasien yang mengalami nyeri post-operative.

Kata kunci: Nyeri, post-operative, virtual reality

Reducing Pain with Education Using Virtual Reality Technology in Postoperative Patients : Literatur Review
Abstract
Providing nursing care to post-operative patients has an important component, namely pain management. Post-operative patients can experience the appearance of pain caused by trauma to the body due to sharp incisions of surgical tools. The complexity of pain requires treatment so that pain management can be handled comprehensively. One method that can be used in pain management by combining technological advances is the use of virtual reality technology. The use of this technology so that it can be applied during clinical practice in the management of post-operative pain. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of using virtual reality in reducing pain in post-operative patients from various sources. The method used in the search process for this review of the literature is the simplified approach. The databases used in the literature search are ScienceDirect, ClinicalKey, ClinicalKey Nursing, Sage Journals, Scopus, Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were those involving post-operative adult patients, discussing virtual reality-based pain reduction, studies using randomized crossover pilot trials, randomized controlled trials, randomized controlled trials, pre-experimental one group pre-test-post test, quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group pre test-post test, English text, Indonesian text, year of publication for the last five years from 2017 to 2022, article topics related to the use of virtual reality to reduce post-operative pain, full text, English, Indonesian, year of publication five years the latest from 2017 to 2022. The exclusion criteria are the topic of the article related to the topic of the article with the type of literature review, only in the form of abstracts, and articles that are duplicates. In the search process, researchers used several keywords, namely "virtual reality", "post-operative", "pain", "post surgery", "aching", and "discomfort". During the search, seven articles were found with the result that pain management in post-operative patients can be carried out using virtual reality technology. Virtual reality devices can assist in the treatment process to reduce pain in post-operative patients. The device has been integrated with a software program that has been adapted to technology in reducing pain in post-operative patients. It is hoped that there will be collaboration with the hospital so that this virtual reality application can be applied optimally for patients experiencing post-operative pain.

Keywords: Painful, post operation, virtual reality


Keywords


Nyeri; post-operative; virtual reality; Painful; post operation; virtual reality

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/jiks.v5i1.10962

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