Hubungan Faktor Genetik dengan Kejadian Hipertensi: Scoping Review

Rizka Setiani, Shinta Ayuni Wulandari

Abstract


Abstrak
Hipertensi merupakan kelainan poligenik yang kompleks disebeabkan oleh faktor genetik dan faktor lingkungan sehingga memengaruhi tekanan darah. Tekanan darah tinggi ialah aspek risiko penting untuk penyakit kardiovaskular dan penyebab utama kematian secara global. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis hubungan faktor genetik dengan kejadian hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan scoping review dengan empat database dari PubMed, Wiley Online Library, ScienceDirect, MDPI, dan search engine google scholar. Hasil pencarian yang memenuhi kriteria kemudian dianalisis menggunakan PRISMA Flowchart, ekstraksi data, dan mapping tema. Hasil penelitian dari 73 artikel yang terkait dengan judul dan abstrak, 8 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan tidak termasuk eksklusi. Ditemukan empat faktor, yaitu heribilitas, DNA, faktor genetik, dan indeks massa tubuh. Dampak hipertensi yang tidak terkontrol menimbulkan risiko kematian kardiovaskular dan morbiditas di seluruh dunia, oleh karena itu sangat penting menilai prevalensi hipertensi di antara terkait riwayat genetik kelompok etnis dan dalam mengontrol tekanan darah serta dalam pemberian antihipertensi.

Kata kunci: Gen, genetik, hipertensi, riwayat keluarga


Relationship between Genetic Factors and Hypertension: Scoping Review

Abstract
Hypertension is a complex polygenic disorder caused by genetic and environmental factors that affect blood pressure. High blood pressure is an important risk aspect for cardiovascular disease and a leading cause of death globally. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between genetic factors and the incidence of hypertension. This study used a scoping review with four databases from PubMed, Wiley Online Library, ScienceDirect, MDPI, and the Google Scholar search engine. Search results that meet the criteria are then analyzed using the PRISMA Flowchart, data extraction, and theme mapping. The results of the study of 73 articles related to titles and abstracts, 8 articles met the inclusion criteria and did not include exclusion. Four factors were found, namely heribility, DNA, genetic factors, and body mass index. The impact of uncontrolled hypertension poses a risk of cardiovascular death and morbidity worldwide, therefore it is very important to assess the prevalence of hypertension among related genetic history of ethnic groups and in controlling blood pressure and in the administration of antihypertensives.

Keywords: Family history, genes, genetics, hypertension


Keywords


Gen; genetik; hipertensi; riwayat keluarga; Family history; genes; genetics; hypertension

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/jiks.v5i1.11126

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