Aspek Etikomedikolegal Potensi Pemanfaatan Telemedisin pada Praktik Kedokteran Okupasi di Indonesia

Abstract

Penetapan COVID-19 sebagai penyakit global telah menyita perhatian dunia. COVID-19 telah menjangkiti populasi dunia dan menyebabkan jatuh korban jiwa akibat komplikasi COVID-19. Pola pelayanan kesehatan mengalami pergeseran akibat berbagai keterbatasan sumber daya kesehatan. Regulasi yang ada di Indonesia memungkinkan dilakukan pelayanan kesehatan secara telemedisin selama kondisi pandemi COVID-19. Terbuka peluang pengembangan praktik telemedisin pascapandemi COVID-19. Penelitian bertujuan membahas peluang pemanfaatan telemedisin di masa depan dengan mempertimbangkan kaidah bioetika summum bonum dan minus mallum. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap narasumber yang berasal dari Majelis Kehormatan Etika Kedokteran, observasi lapangan, dan studi dokumen. Data yang ada dilakukan triangulasi metode dan triangulasi sumber untuk memastikan data yang diperoleh valid dan reliabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan telemedisin menjadi alternatif dengan keburukan lebih minimal selama pandemi dengan potensi pengembangan di masa depan. Sektor industri yang terus berkembang memerlukan layanan kesehatan kerja yang efektif dan efisien. Telemedisin menawarkan solusi untuk menjangkau lebih banyak pekerja, terutama yang berada di daerah terpencil atau sulit dijangkau oleh fasilitas kesehatan. Pengembangan telemedisin pascapandemi COVID-19 menyaratkan pengutaan dari sisi regulasi, penyedia layanan kesehatan, penerima layanan kesehatan, dan ketersediaan infrastruktur pendukung. Diperlukan kolaborasi lintas sektoral agar regulasi yang ada mampu mendorong pengembangan telemedisin di masa depan dan menjadikan praktik telemedisin sebagai bagian dari standar profesi kedokteran di Indonesia.

Ethicomedicolegal Aspects of Potential Telemedicine Utilization in Occupational Medicine Practice in Indonesia

Abstract
The designation of COVID-19 as a global disease has attracted world attention. COVID-19 has infected the world's population and caused deaths due to complications from COVID-19. Health service patterns are changing due to various limitations in health resources. Existing regulations in Indonesia allow for telemedicine health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are opportunities to develop telemedicine practices after the COVID-19 pandemic. The research aims to discuss opportunities for the use of telemedicine in the future by considering the bioethical principles of summum bonum and minus malum. The research was conducted qualitatively with a case study research design. Data was obtained through interviews with sources from the Honorary Council for Medical Ethics, field observations, and document studies. The existing data was subjected to method and source triangulation to ensure that the data obtained was valid and reliable. The research results show that telemedicine is an alternative with minimal harm during the pandemic and the potential for future development. The industrial sector continues to grow and requires effective and efficient occupational health services. Telemedicine offers a solution to reach more workers, especially those in remote areas or who have difficulty coming by health facilities. The development of telemedicine after the COVID-19 pandemic requires prioritizing regulations, health service providers, health service recipients, and the availability of supporting infrastructure. Cross-sectoral collaboration is needed so that existing regulations are able to encourage the development of telemedicine in the future and make telemedicine practice part of the standards of the medical profession in Indonesia.