Gambaran Postur Kerja dan Keluhan Muskuloskeletal pada Pegawai Tata Laksana di Universitas Islam Bandung

Abstract

Ketidaksesuaian faktor ergonomi akan mengakibatkan kesalahan dalam postur kerja dan umumnya disertai gejala kelainan/keluhan musculoskeletal yang merupakan gangguan pada sendi, otot, tendon, kerangka, tulang rawan, ligamen, dan saraf yang umumnya berupa rasa nyeri. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui gambaran postur kerja dan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pegawai tata laksana di Universitas Islam Bandung. Jenis penelitian merupakan observasional deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Subjek penelitian sebanyak 50 orang pegawai tata laksana di Universitas Islam Bandung yang berada di bawah naungan Kopsyakardos dan sudah bekerja lebih dari 1 tahun. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan cara melakukan observasi mengggunakan employee rapid entire body assessment (REBA) working sheet untuk menilai postur kerja, kemudian melakukan pengisian kuesioner dengan menggunakan nordic body map (NBM) untuk menilai keluhan muskuloskeletal. Penelitian dilakukan Maret–Mei 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar postur kerja responden berada pada kelompok risiko sedang sebanyak 39 orang (78%), kelompok risiko tinggi sebanyak 6 orang (12%), dan kelompok risiko rendah sebanyak 5 orang (10%). Keluhan muskuloskeletal paling banyak mengeluh sakit pada bahu kanan, bahu kiri, dan pinggang. Kesalahan postur kerja yang tidak sesuai dengan kaidah ergonomi, dilakukan secara berulang-ulang, dan dalam jangka waktu yang lama akan menimbulkan keluhan muskuloskeletal.

DESCRIPTION OF WORK POSTURE AND MUSCULOSKELETAL COMPLAINT ON THE CLEANING SERVICE IN UNIVERSITY OF ISLAM BANDUNG

Ergonomic factor incompatibility will lead to errors in the work posture and generally accompanied by symptoms of musculoskeletal disorder which is a disorder of the joints, muscles, tendons, skeletons, cartilage, ligaments, and nerves are generally a pain. The purpose of this study was to know the description of work posture and musculoskeletal complaints on the cleaning service in University of Islam Bandung. This method in research type is descriptive observational by using cross sectional. Research subjects as many as 50 cleaning service personnel in University of Islam Bandung under the Kopsyakardos and has worked for more than 1 year. Research sample was taken by observation using Employee Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) working sheet to assess work posture, then fill out questionnaires using Nordic Body Map (NBM) to assess musculoskeletal complaints. The study was held during March–April 2018. The results showed that most of respondent’s work posture was in moderate risk group as much as 39 people (78%), in high risk group as many as 6 people (12%), and in low risk group as many as 5 people (10%). Musculoskeletal complaints most often complain of pain in the right shoulder, left shoulder, and waist. Work posture errors that are not in accordance with ergonomic rules, carried out repeatedly, and in the long term will cause musculoskeletal complaints.