Pengaruh Jus Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L) terhadap Kualitas Sperma Mencit yang Diberi Paparan Asap Rokok Tersier

Abstract

Rokok menyebabkan ketidakseimbangan antara stres oksidatif dan antioksidan pada endogen testis. Hal ini disebabkan oleh peningkatan ROS sehingga dapat menurunkan antioksidan dan menyebabkan stres oksidatif pada proses spermatogenesis yang dapat memengaruhi kualitas sperma, seperti jumlah, motilitas, dan morfologi. Hal ini dapat dihambat dengan mengurangi oksidan atau mengonsumsi antioksidan alami, berupa likopen yang terkandung dalam tomat. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh jus tomat terhadap kualitas sperma mencit yang diberi paparan asap rokok tersier. Metode penelitian bersifat eksperimental murni in vivo dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Subjek penelitian adalah 35 ekor mencit jantan dewasa yang dibagi secara acak dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kelompok normal (diberi pakan biasa); K (-) (mendapat paparan asap rokok tersier); K1 (diberi jus tomat 0,16 mL/hari dan paparan asap rokok tersier); K2 (diberi jus tomat 0,32 mL/hari dan paparan asap rokok tersier); K3 (diberi jus tomat 0,64 mL/hari dan paparan asap rokok tersier), semua perlakuan ini diberikan selama 14 hari. Akhir penelitian, seluruh mencit dibedah lalu diambil testis untuk melihat kualitas sperma. Uji statistik menggunakan uji parametrik one way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara rerata jumlah sperma antarkelompok (p>0,05), antara motilitas sperma antarkelompok (p>0,05), dan morfologi sperma antarkelompok (p<0,05). Simpulan penelitian ini jus tomat tidak memengaruhi kualitas sperma, namun tomat dapat meningkatkan jumlah sperma ke batas normal. Pemberian jus tomat yang mengandung likopen cukup tinggi dapat meningkatkan antioksidan sehingga dapat menurunkan ROS dan stres oksidatif. Dalam penelitian ini kerusakan pertama terjadi pada morfologi sperma.

THE EFFECT OF TOMATOES JUICE (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L) ON THE QUALITY OF THE MICE SPERMA THAT IS PROVIDED BY TERSIERED CIGARETTE SMOKE

Cigarettes cause an imbalance between oxidative stress and antioxidants in endogenous testes. This is due to an increasing of ROS that can reduce antioxidants and caused oxidative stress in the process of spermatogenesis which affect sperm quality, such as the amount of sperm, motility, and morphology of sperm. Reduction of oxidants or consuming natural antioxidants can inhibit it process by lycopene that contained in tomatoes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of tomato juice on the sperm quality of mice that expose to tertiary cigarette smoke exposure. The study was in vivo experimental laboratory using completely randomized design of 25 adult male mice that were randomly divided and met the inclusion criteria. This research was divided into five groups, the first group was normal group (given normal feed); the second is K (-) (getting exposure to tertiary cigarette smoke); the sample test groups were expose to tertiary cigarettes smoke exposure and it given tomato juice, K1 (given 0.16 mL/ day tomato juice); K2 (0.32 mL/day tomato juice); K3 (given 0.64 ml tomato juice/day) then all these treatments were given for 14 days. At the end of the study, mice were dissected and the testicles were taken to analyze the quality of sperm. This research using one way ANOVA test and the result showed there was no significant differences amoung mean about the amount of sperm between groups (p>0.05), sperm motility between groups (p>0.05), and sperm morphology between groups (p<0.05). The conclusion of this research is that tomato juice did not affect sperm quality, but it can increase the amount of sperm to the normal limit. The smokers will increase ROS and reduce antioxidants so that resulting oxidative stress. Tomato juice that containing high enough of lycopene could increase antioxidants, so it can reduce ROS and stress. In this research the first damage was sperm morphology.