Systematic Review: Pengaruh Mendengarkan Murottal Al-Qur’an terhadap Penurunan Kecemasan pada Ibu Hamil
Abstract
Kecemasan pada masa kehamilan apabila sampai tahap kronis berdampak buruk bagi ibu ataupun bayi. Pada ibu dapat menyebabkan arteri uterus berkontraksi, menurunkan blood flow plasenta dan suplai oksigen kepada janin sehingga berdampak pada kondisi bayi seperti detak jantung bayi abnormal, meningkatkan kemungkinan bayi lahir prematur, bayi lahir dengan skor psikomotor yang rendah, dan kelainan pada perilaku bayi. Salah satu terapi nonfarmakologis adalah mendengarkan murottal Al-Qur’an karena harmoni nadanya memiliki jenis frekuensi dan panjang gelombang tertentu. Saat rangkaian gelombang tersebut sampai pada pendengaran manusia akan memengaruhi sel-sel otak untuk memulihkan keseimbangan dan koordinasi sehingga dapat menurunkan hormon stres dan mengaktifkan endorfin alami (serotonin). Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui pengaruh mendengarkan murottal Al-Qur-an terhadap tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian literature review menggunakan metode systematic review dari database PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, ProQuest, dan Google Scholar. Artikel dinilai secara PICOS untuk ditentukan sebagai eligible pada PRISMA dan disajikan dalam tabel artikel yang sesuai, yaitu Populasi (ibu hamil yang mengalami kecemasan yang diukur menggunakan berbagai kuesioner kecemasan), Intervention/Exposure (mendengarkan murottal Al-Qur’an), Comparison (yang tidak diberikan paparan murottal Al-Qur’an atau dibanding dengan jenis musik lainnya), Outcome (penurunan kecemasan ibu hamil). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mendengarkan murrotal Al-Qur’an dalam tempo yang lambat dan suasana yang tenang dapat menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada ibu hamil. Harmoni nada dari murottal Al-Qur’an merupakan spiritual music, memiliki panjang audio dengan jenis frekuensi dan panjang gelombang tertentu, menghasilkan suatu getaran yang dapat memulihkan keseimbangan dan koordinasi, mengaktifkan aktivitas gelombang otak sehingga dapat mengontrol pikiran dan jiwa untuk menurunkan kecemasan.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW: EFFECT OF LISTENING TO THE MUROTTAL AL-QUR’AN ON REDUCING ANXIETY IN PREGNANT WOMEN
Anxiety during pregnancy, when it reaches a chronic stage thas very bad for the mother or baby. In the mother, it can cause contraction of the uterus artery, reduces placental blood flow, and oxygen supply to the fetus. As a result, it will affect the fetus condition, such as an abnormal fetal heart rate, increasing the likelihood of a baby being born prematurely, a baby born with a low psychomotor score, and abnormalities in infant behavior. One of the non-pharmacological therapies is listening to the murottal Al-Qur'an because the harmonic tone has a specific type of frequency and wavelength. When this wave sequence reaches human hearing, it affects brain cells to restore balance and coordination, reduce stress hormones, and activate natural endorphins (serotonin). This study aimed to determine the effect of listening to the murottal Al-Qur'an on the anxiety level of pregnant women. This research was a literature review using a systematic review method from the PubMed, Science Direct, Springer Link, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases. Articles will be assessing by PICOS to be determined as the eligible article at PRISMA and presented in an appropriate table. PICOS: Population (pregnant women who experience anxiety as measured using various anxiety questionnaires), Intervention/Exposure (listening to murottal Al-Qur'an), Comparison (who not given exposure murottal Al-Qur'an or compared to other types of music), and Outcome (reduced anxiety of pregnant women). The results showed that listening to the murottal Al-Qur'an in a slow tempo and a calm atmosphere can reduce anxiety levels in pregnant women. The harmony of the tone of the murottal Al-Qur'an is spiritual music, has audio with a specific type in frequency and wavelength, produces a vibration that can restore balance and coordination, activates brain wave activity that can control the mind and spirit to reduce anxiety.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/jiks.v3i2.7456
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