Pengetahuan dan Perilaku Swamedikasi oleh Ibu-Ibu di Kelurahan Tamansari Kota Bandung

Abstract

Swamedikasi merupakan upaya individu untuk mengobati penyakit atau gejala yang dikenali sendiri. Swamedikasi dapat menjadi permasalahan kesehatan akibat keterbatasan pengetahuan mengenai obat sehingga akan memengaruhi perilaku seseorang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pengetahuan dan perilaku swamedikasi oleh ibu-ibu di Kelurahan Tamansari Kota Bandung. Rancangan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan metode cross sectional. Jumlah sampel 50 orang dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengambilan data melalui kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pengetahuan responden tentang definisi swamedikasi (54%), penggolongan obat berdasar atas logo (64%), makna logo obat dibeli tanpa resep dokter (46%), makna logo obat bebas terbatas (52%), definisi aturan pakai obat 3x sehari (56%), interval waktu penggunaan obat (68%), perbedaan dosis obat dewasa dengan anak (88%), definisi efek samping obat (80%), menanggulangi efek samping (98%), definisi kontraindikasi obat (86%), definisi interaksi obat (62%), dan penyimpanan obat (86%). Prevalensi perilaku swamedikasi pada responden (60%), obat modern lebih mendominasi (64%), pemilihan obat modern untuk swamedikasi didasarkan atas keinginan sendiri (38%), warung kelontong sebagai tempat mendapatkan obat (48%), informasi swamedikasi diperoleh melalui media elektronik dan media cetak (36%), kebiasaan membaca kandungan obat (64%) dan tanggal kadaluarsa obat (86%), serta menyimpan obat di rak obat (50%). Simpulan penelitian ini, pengetahuan swamedikasi pada masyarakat secara umun cukup baik. Terdapat upaya untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan dengan melakukan swamedikasi.

SELF-MEDICATION KNOWLEDGE AND BEHAVIOR BY MOTHERS IN TAMANSARI VILLAGE OF BANDUNG

Self-medication is an individual effort to treat a disease or symptom that is recognized by itself. Self-medication can be a health problem due to limited knowledge about drugs which will affect a person’s behavior. The aim of this study was to describe the self-medication knowledge and behavior of mothers in Tamansari village of Bandung. Descriptive observational study design with cross-sectional method. The number of samples were 50 people with consecutive sampling technique. Data was collected by using questionnaire. The research showed that respondent’s knowledge of definition of self-medication (54%), classification of drugs based on logos (64%), meaning of over the counter drug (46%), limited free drug logos meaning (52%), definition of drug use rules 3x a day (56%), time interval for drug use (68%), difference in drug dosage between adults and children (88%), definition of drug side effects (80%), overcoming side effects (98%), definition of contraindications (86%), definition of drug interactions (62%), and drug storage (86%). The prevalence of self-medication behavior in respondent’s (60%), modern medicine dominates (64%), the selection of modern drugs for self-medication are based on their own desires (38%), grocery stalls as places to get medicine (48%), self-administered information obtained through electronic media and printed (36%), habit of reading drug content (64%) and drug expiration dates (86%), and storing drugs on drug racks (50%). The conclusion of this study that level knowledge by mothers is generally quite good. There are efforts to overcome health problem with self-medication.