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Scoping Review: Pengaruh Paparan Asap Rokok terhadap Kadar Kotinin dalam Tubuh Perokok Pasif
Abstract
Perokok pasif adalah orang tidak merokok, namun ikut menghirup asap rokok dari orang-orang merokok di sekitarnya. Produk yang dihirup dihasilkan dari asap utama yang dihembuskan dan asap dari ujung rokok yang masih membara. Perokok pasif memiliki kandungan nikotin yang akan dimetabolisme menjadi kotinin menggunakan enzim CYP2A6 dan didistribusikan dalam tubuh perokok pasif seperti darah, saliva, dan urine. Hasil metabolisme mengakibatkan peningkatan kadar kotinin dalam tubuh perokok pasif. Dampak peningkatan kadar kotinin menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan seperti lung cancer, oral cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dan coronary heart disease. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh paparan asap rokok terhadap kadar kotinin dalam tubuh perokok pasif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode scoping review dengan subjek artikel ilmiah nasional dan internasional yang memenuhi kriteria kelayakan (eligible). Hasil pada penelitian ini diambil dari artikel yang akan dinilai secara PICOS, yaitu Population: anak-anak perokok pasif yang terdapat pada artikel jurnal, Intervention/Exposure: asap rokok sekunder, Comparison: anak-anak yang tidak tinggal dengan perokok, Outcome: kadar kotinin dalam tubuh perokok pasif, Study: RCT, clinical trial, dan cross-sectional. Artikel yang memenuhi kelayakan (eligible) ada enam artikel. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada perokok pasif menunjukkan kadar kotinin yang meningkat.
SCOPING REVIEW: THE EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKE EXPOSURE ON COTININE LEVELS IN THE BODY OF PASSIVE SMOKERS
Passive smokers are people who do not smoke but also inhale smoke from smoking people around them. Secondhand smoke has produced from the smoke exhaled by smokers and the smoke from the still-smoldering end of the cigarette. Passive smokers who contain nicotine will be metabolized into cotinine by the CYP2A6 enzymes and will be distributed through blood, saliva, and urine into the body of passive smokers. This metabolism results in an increase in cotinine levels in the body of passive smokers. The impact of increasing cotinine levels causes health problems such as lung cancer, oral cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and coronary heart disease. The research objective was to analyze the effect of cigarette smoke on cotinine levels in the body of passive smokers. The research was conducted using the scoping review method with the subjects of national and international scientific articles that meet the eligibility criteria (eligible). The results of this study were articles assessed using PICOS, namely Population: passive smoking listed in journal articles, Intervention/Exposure: secondary cigarette smoke, Comparison: children who do not live with smokers, Outcome: cotinine levels in passive smokers, Studies (RCT, clinical trial, and cross-sectional). Six articles meet the eligibility (eligible). The conclusions of this study indicate that passive smokers show increased cotinine levels.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/jiks.v3i2.7449
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