KAJIAN PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM FITOSOM TERHADAP AKTIVITAS AGEN SITOTOKSIK HERBAL

Sani Ega Priani

doi:10.29313/jiff.v6i1.10891

KAJIAN PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM FITOSOM TERHADAP AKTIVITAS AGEN SITOTOKSIK HERBAL

Sani Ega Priani

Abstract

Prevalensi dan morbiditas penyakit kanker terus meningkat. Pencarian agen sitotoksik baru terus dilakukan termasuk yang berasal dari bahan alam. Pengembangan sistem penghantaran untuk meningkatkan aktivitas sitotoksik banyak dilakukan seperti dengan pembentukan fitosom, salah satu sistem nanovesikular. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengembangan bahan-banan herbal dengan sistem penghantaran fitosom dan juga mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap aktivitas sitoksik dari senyawa bahan alam tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan kajian literatur dari artikel yang berasal dari database bereputasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi sesuai tujuan penelitian. Dari hasil kajian diketahui bahwa sistem fitosom sudah banyak dikembangkan untuk penghantaran agen sitoksik herbal seperti pada ekstrak aloe vera, celastrol, curcumin, curcuminoid, diosgenin, icariin, genistein, lycopene, mytomicin, propolis, silibinin, sinigrin, dan thymoquinone. Fitosom diformulasikan dengan menggunakan fosfatidilkolin pada perbandingan fitokonstituen: fosfolipid yakni 1:(1-3), dengan atau tanpa penambahan kolesterol. Pengembangan sediaan fitosom terbukti mampu meningkatkan aktivitas sitotoksik bahan herbal baik berdasarkan pengujian in-vitro atau in-vivo. Pada pengujian in-vitro peningkatan aktivitas ditandai dengan penurunan nilai IC₅₀ dengan tingkat penurunan yang bervariasi dalam rentang 1,7-11 kalinya. Ukuran partikel yang lebih kecil dengan struktur fosfolipid bilayer diketahui menjadi penyebab utama terjadinya peningkatan aktivitas tersebut. Dari hasil kajian disimpulkan bahwa sistem fitosom potensial untuk mampu meningkatkan aktivitas sitotoksik senyawa herbal.

Keywords

Fitosom, sitotoksik, herbal

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29313/jiff.v6i1.10891